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1 базовая экспозиция
Engineering: basic exposureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > базовая экспозиция
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2 temporizador
m.timer.* * *1 timer* * *1.ADJ2.SM timer, timing device* * *masculino timer* * *= clock device, timing control, timer.Ex. The microcomputer also has, among other things, a clock device which synchronizes all the various high speed operations, so that they do not get out of step.Ex. A timing control is set prior to pressing a push-button which activates a light source within the machine so that the correct exposure can be given.Ex. The Web offers many downloadable CGI scripts for basic functions, including counters, timers, guest books, image maps, and server-push animations.----* temporizador de aviso = egg timer.* temporizador de cocción = egg timer.* temporizador de cocimiento = egg timer.* temporizador de cocina = egg timer.* * *masculino timer* * *= clock device, timing control, timer.Ex: The microcomputer also has, among other things, a clock device which synchronizes all the various high speed operations, so that they do not get out of step.
Ex: A timing control is set prior to pressing a push-button which activates a light source within the machine so that the correct exposure can be given.Ex: The Web offers many downloadable CGI scripts for basic functions, including counters, timers, guest books, image maps, and server-push animations.* temporizador de aviso = egg timer.* temporizador de cocción = egg timer.* temporizador de cocimiento = egg timer.* temporizador de cocina = egg timer.* * *timer* * *temporizador nmtimer* * *m timer* * *temporizador nm: timer -
3 характеристики
Характеристики эффективной системы обучения: 1. Проблемная ориентированность обучения помогает обучаемым обратиться к рассмотрению проблем, с которыми они сталкиваются на своих рабочих местах. 2. Привязка обучения к работе и ориентированность на действие. 3. Обучение предполагает активное участие обучаемых при использовании обсуждений, ситуационных исследований и групповой работы. 4. Привязка обучения к опыту, знаниям и ожиданиям обучаемых. 5. Непрерывность процесса обучения. После начального обучения может проводиться должностная ротация, ознакомление с новыми обязанностями и т.п. 6. Участие торгово-промышленных предприятий в планировании и разработке учебных программ. — The characteristics of effective training system are as follows: 1. Training is problem-focused helping participants address problems encountered at their workplace. 2. Training is relevant to the work and action-oriented. 3. Training is highly participatory, making use of discussions, case studies and group work. 4. Training relates to the experience, knowledge and expectations of the participants. 5. Training is a continuous process. Basic training may be followed by job rotation in the company, exposure to new responsibilities, etc. 6. Business enterprises are involved in the design and development of training programs.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > характеристики
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4 Ducos du Hauron, Arthur-Louis
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1837 Langon, Bordeaux, Franced. 19 August 1920 Agen, France[br]French scientist and pioneer of colour photography.[br]The son of a tax collector, Ducos du Hauron began researches into colour photography soon after the publication of Clerk Maxwell's experiment in 1861. In a communication sent in 1862 for presentation at the Académie des Sciences, but which was never read, he outlined a number of methods for photography of colours. Subsequently, in his book Les Couleurs en photographie, published in 1869, he outlined most of the principles of additive and subtractive colour photography that were later actually used. He covered additive processes, developed from Clerk Maxwell's demonstrations, and subtractive processes which could yield prints. At the time, the photographic materials available prevented the processes from being employed effectively. The design of his Chromoscope, in which transparent reflectors could be used to superimpose three additive images, was sound, however, and formed the basis of a number of later devices. He also proposed an additive system based on the use of a screen of fine red, yellow and blue lines, through which the photograph was taken and viewed. The lines blended additively when seen from a certain distance. Many years later, in 1907, Ducos du Hauron was to use this principle in an early commercial screen-plate process, Omnicolore. With his brother Alcide, he published a further work in 1878, Photographie des Couleurs, which described some more-practical subtractive processes. A few prints made at this time still survive and they are remarkably good for the period. In a French patent of 1895 he described yet another method for colour photography. His "polyfolium chromodialytique" involved a multiple-layer package of separate red-, green-and blue-sensitive materials and filters, which with a single exposure would analyse the scene in terms of the three primary colours. The individual layers would be separated for subsequent processing and printing. In a refined form, this is the principle behind modern colour films. In 1891 he patented and demonstrated the anaglyph method of stereoscopy, using superimposed red and green left and right eye images viewed through green and red filters. Ducos du Hauron's remarkable achievement was to propose theories of virtually all the basic methods of colour photography at a time when photographic materials were not adequate for the purpose of proving them correct. For his work on colour photography he was awarded the Progress Medal of the Royal Photographic Society in 1900, but despite his major contributions to colour photography he remained in poverty for much of his later life.[br]Further ReadingB.Coe, 1978, Colour Photography: The First Hundred Years, London. J.S.Friedman, 1944, History of Colour Photography, Boston. E.J.Wall, 1925, The History of Three-Colour Photography, Boston. See also Cros, Charles.BCBiographical history of technology > Ducos du Hauron, Arthur-Louis
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5 Petzval, Josef Max
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1807 Spisska-Beila, Hungaryd. 17 September 1891 Vienna, Austria[br]Hungarian mathematician and photographic-lens designer, inventor of the first "rapid" portrait lens.[br]Although born in Hungary, Petzval was the son of German schoolteacher. He studied engineering at the University of Budapest and after graduation was appointed to the staff as a lecturer. In 1835 he became the University's Professor of Higher Mathematics. Within a year he was offered a similar position at the more prestigious University of Vienna, a chair he was to occupy until 1884.The earliest photographic cameras were fitted with lenses originally designed for other optical instruments. All were characterized by small apertures, and the long exposures required by the early process were in part due to the "slow" lenses. As early as 1839, Petzval began calculations with the idea of producing a fast achromatic objective for photographic work. For technical advice he turned to the Viennese optician Peter Voigtländer, who went on to make the first Petzval portrait lens in 1840. It had a short focal length but an extremely large aperture for the day, enabling exposure times to be reduced to at least one tenth of that required with other contemporary lenses. The Petzval portrait lens was to become the basic design for years to come and was probably the single most important development in making portrait photography possible; by capturing public imagination, portrait photography was to drive photographic innovation during the early years.Petzval later fell out with Voigtländer and severed his connection with the company in 1845. When Petzval was encouraged to design a landscape lens in the 1850s, the work was entrusted to another Viennese optician, Dietzler. Using some early calculations by Petzval, Voigtländer was able to produce a similar lens, which he marketed in competition, and an acrimonious dispute ensued. Petzval, embittered by the quarrel and depressed by a burglary which destroyed years of records of his optical work, abandoned optics completely in 1862 and devoted himself to acoustics. He retired from his professorship on his seventieth birthday, respected by his colleagues but unloved, and lived the life of a recluse until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Hungarian Academy of Science 1873.Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York (provides details of Petzval's life and work; Eder claims he was introduced to Petzval by mutual friends and succeeded in obtaining personal data).Rudolf Kingslake, 1989, A History of the Photographic Lens, Boston (brief biographical details).L.W.Sipley, 1965, Photography's Great Inventors, Philadelphia (brief biographical details).JW
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